Waveguides, channels guiding electromagnetic waves, have long been a cornerstone of technology due to their diverse applications in telecommunications, sensing, and advanced laser systems 1,2,3,4,5.
This study investigates the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) waves radiated by Ultra-Wideband (UWB) and slot antennas inside a closed underground Cairo metro tunnel. The selected ...
The first theoretical models of the propagation of an electromagnetic field in a waveguide date back to the second half of the 19th century (Hertz, Debye, Rayleigh). The technological fallout for long ...
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