Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Robert Kelly is managing director of XTS ...

Andriy Blokhin has 5+ years of professional experience in public accounting, personal investing, and as a senior auditor with Ernst & Young. Erika Rasure is globally-recognized as a leading consumer ...

Consumer surplus is the amount exceeding an equilibrium price the consumer is willing to pay. The equilibrium price is an idealized price, in which the demand for the good equals its supply. If the ...

A utility function measures a consumer’s preference and satisfaction with different goods or services. As part of rational choice theory, it helps economists analyze how consumers make decisions to ...