Passai Sho employs a scooping motion that has a variety of applications from catching a kick and throwing (seen below) to countering chocks or grabs, to a fireman’s carry. Yakusoku Kumite are the prearranged partner drills used to teach beginners various principles of offense and defense. Classically, Shorin Ryu moves forward when attacked as can be seen in the kata. The kihon kata of Chibana Sensei (1-3), however, use backward motions when blocking. As such, the third kumite uses basic forward